Lesson 7.4

会話 Dialogue 4 image

In the office, Michael has just finished creating a file.

らいげつみ

Michael:来月からのスケジュールですけど、ちょっと見ていただけませんか。

Raigetsu kara no sukejuuru desu kedo, chotto mite itadakemasen ka.

About the schedule for next month (and after), can I have you look at it for me?

おく
Tanaka:いいわよ。ファイルを、送って。 Ii wa yo. Fairu o okutte.

Sure. Please send me the file.

ねが
Michael: はい、よろしくお願いします。Hai. Yoroshiku onegai-shimasu.

Got it. Thanks in advance.

Later

くんれい

Tanaka: スミス君、例のファイルは?Sumisu-kun, rei no fairu wa?

Mr. Smith, what about that file (you mentioned)?

じかんまえ おく
Michael:あれ?一時間前に送りましたけど.

Are? Ichi-jikan mae ni okurimashita kedo.

What? I sent it an hour ago but…

へん

Tanaka:変ねえ。Hen nee.

That’s odd, isn’t it.

ど おく
Michael:もう一度、送ります。Mou ichi-do okurimasu.

I’ll send it again.

 

単語 Vocabulary

Romanized Japanese

Japanese scripts

Other Japanese scripts

English

raigetsu

らいげつ

来月

next month

shiryou

しりょう

資料

documents, materials, data

repooto

レポート

report

itadakemasen ka

いただけませんか

can I have?

Mite itadakemasen ka.

みていただけませんか

見ていただけませんか

can I have you look?

okurimasu

おくります

送ります

send

okutte kudasai

おくってください

送ってください

please send

rei

れい

(X) in question, (X) discussed earlier

are?

あれ?

What? Huh? (I’m puzzled)

hen (na)

へん(な)

odd, strange

文法 Grammar Notes

7-4-1 ~te itadakemasen kaMore on Requests

We have learned how to request things using kudasai and onegai-shimasu.

We will now add a slightly more polite way of asking, itadakemasen ka, which means ‘can’t I have X?’So, you can request for coffee in the following three ways.

コーヒー、ください。Koohii kudasai.

ねが
コーヒー、お願いします。Koohii onegai-shimasu.

コーヒー、いただけませんか。Kohii itadakemasne ka.

When requesting an action, you have leaned to use a ~te form alone (informal) or a ~te form plus kudasai. You can also substitute itadakemasen ka for kudasai to make a more polite request. So, you can ask for help in the following three ways now.

てつだ
手伝って。Tetsudatte.

てつだ
手伝ってください。Tetsudatte kudasai.

てつだ
手伝っていただけませんか。Tetsudatte itadakemasen ka.

These are the most common request forms in Japanese, but there are many more—dozens, perhaps. It’s important to choose a right request form for each situation. The choice is made based on the elements such as the relationship between the speakers, the nature of the request you are making, the setting, etc.

7-4-2 Relative Time Words

Time expressions such as san-ji ‘3 o’clock’ and mik-ka ‘the 3rd’ indicate specific times. In contrast, expressions such as kyou ‘today’ and ima ‘now’ refer to relative times defined by their relationship to the timing of an utterance. These relative time words usually do not require the time particle に while specific time expressions do.

あした、します。Ashita shimasu.I’ll do it tomorrow.

ど よ う び
土曜日に、します。Doyoubi ni shimasu. I’ll do it on Saturday.

In the chart below, note the regular elements such as mai~ 毎 ‘every X’, sensen~ 先々‘X before last’, sen~ 先 ‘last X’, kon~ 今’this X’, rai~ 来‘next X’, sarai~ 再来‘X after next’. Watch out for the irregular items, marked in yellow below.

Relative Time Words image

day

おととい

day before yesterday

きのう

昨日

yesterday

きょう

今日

today

あした あ すtomorrow

あさって

day after tomorrow

まいにち

毎 日

every day

あさ

morning

あさ

おとといの朝

day before

yesterday morning

きのう あさ

昨日の朝

yesterday morning

けさ

今朝

this morning

あさ

あしたの朝tomorrow morning

あさ

あさっての朝day after tomorrow morning

まいあさ

毎 朝

every morning

ばん

ばん

おとといの晩

よる

おとといの夜

day before yesterday

evening

ゆう

こんばん

ばん

あしたの晩

よる

あしたの夜tomorrow evening

ばん

あさっての晩

よる

あさっての夜day after tomorrow evening

まいばん

夕 べ

今 晩

毎 晩

or

こんや

まいよ

よる

今夜

毎夜

evening

yesterday evening

this evening

every evening

しゅう

week

せんせんしゅう

先 々 週

week before last

せんしゅう

先 週

last week

こんしゅう

今 週

this week

らいしゅう

来 週

next week

さらいしゅう

再 来 週

week after next

まいしゅう

毎 週

every week

つき

month

せんせんげつ

先 々 月

month before last

せんげつ

先 月

last month

こんげつ

今 月

this month

らいげつ

来 月

next month

さらいげつ

再来月

month after next

まいつき

毎 月

every month

とし

year

おととし

year before last

きょねん

去 年

last year

ことし

今年

this year

らいねん

来 年

next year

さらいねん

再来年

year after next

まいとし

毎 年

まいねん

毎 年

every year

がっき

せんがっき

こんがっき

らいがっき

まいがっき

学期

先学期

今学期

来学期

毎学期

semester, quarter,

academic term

last term

this term

next term

every term

7-4-3 来月からのスケジュール Noun + Particle as a Noun Phrase

A noun + certain particles can constitute a noun phrase. The particles include kara, made, de, e, and to. Just like a regular noun phrase, the resulting combination can be followed by desu and its variants and can be connected to another noun by particle no.

イギリスからです。 Igirisu kara desu.It is from England.

とも
友だちとじゃないです。 Tomodachi to ja nai desu.It’s not with a friend.

イギリスからのおみやげ Igirisu kara no omiyagea souvenir from England

ともりょこう
友だちとの旅行です。 Tomodachi to no ryokou desu. It’s a trip with a friend.

Note the difference in the following:

らいげつしゅっちょう

来月から 出 張 です。Raigetsu kara shucchou desu.

From next moth, I have a business trip.

らいげつしゅっちょう

来月からの 出 張 です。Raigetsukara no shucchou desu.

It is [a business trip from next month].

The first sentence answers the question of ‘what does your schedule look like?, for example, while the second one answers ‘which business trip are you talking about ?’

Drills and Exercises image

A.

Cue: 見ましょうか。Shall I take a look?


Response: じゃ、ちょっと、見ていただけませんか.

Well, could you take a look for me?

てつだ
Cue: 手伝いましょうか.Can I help?

てつだ
Response: じゃ、ちょっと、手伝っていただけませんか.

Well, could you give me a hand?

B.

Cue: きょうですか.Is it today?

Response: いや、あしたです。No, it’s tomorrow.

せんしゅう
Cue: 先 週でしたか.Was it last week?

こんしゅう
Response: いや、今 週です。 No, it is this week.

C.

Say it in Japanese.

Politely make the following requests of a supervisor.

  • Could you send me that file (we talked about)?
  • Could you read Ms. Honda’s report one more time?
  • Could you take a look at the documents from China?
  • Could you meet my senpai next week?
  • Could you make next year’s schedule?

You’ve been asked about an event. Inform the times of the event as follows:

  • This morning
  • The tenth of last month
  • Next August
  • From 9:00 last night
  • Since last academic term
  • For three weeks starting this week

D.

Act in Japanese

  • Ask a) Tanaka, a male classmate, b) Tanaka, a co-worker, c) Tanaka, a supervisor to email you the file.
  • You pushed the button on the vending machine but nothing happened. Express your puzzlement. Ask a store clerk to take a look.
  • Find out what a co-worker did a) last night, b) last Sunday, c) on the break last month, d) on last year’s birthday.
  • Find out what he/she is going to do a) tomorrow night, b) on Sunday next week,

c) on the break next month, d) on next year’s birthday.

 

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Beginning Japanese for Professionals: Book 2 Copyright © by Emiko Konomi is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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